3. Oceans and Living Marine Ecosystems

3. Oceans and Living Marine Ecosystems
Marine ecosystems are certain to change in response to a changing climate and its accompanying effects such as warming, sea level rise and ocean acidification as well as other human impacts including pollution, habitat loss and resource exploitation.
 
Fundamentally, two sets of policy issues must be addressed; how to mitigate the impacts of climate and other anthropogenic drivers of change, and how to adapt to changes that are occurring now and are expected in the future. Mitigation and adaptation to changing climate will be considered across the conference themes. Here, we specifically consider three related questions concerning living marine resources:
  • What changes can be expected due to a changing climate in the near, medium and long-term and how will the impacts of climate change interact with other human impacts (e.g. fishing, coastal development, pollution)?
  • How can ecosystem-based management be used as a framework for mitigation and adaptation planning for the coming changes in marine ecosystems?
  • How can marine spatial planning best be used to implement ecosystem-based management in a changing environment?

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